How does heat stress affect swine reproduction?

Heat stress has a significant negative impact on swine reproduction, primarily by lowering conception rates. When pigs experience elevated temperatures, their physiological responses can lead to decreased fertility. Heat stress affects the reproductive hormones and can disrupt the normal estrous cycle in females, which is critical for successful conception.

Additionally, boars, or male pigs, also suffer from heat stress, which can reduce sperm production and quality, further contributing to lower conception rates. As a result, not only does heat stress hinder the ability of sows to conceive, but it also adversely affects the breeding performance of boars, compounding the issue.

Understanding this relationship is crucial for swine producers, as managing heat stress involves implementing adequate cooling measures during hot weather to maintain optimal reproductive performance in their herds.